Wireless control plays an important role in modern robotics. Bluetooth technology offers a simple, low-cost, and efficient way to control devices over short distances.
In this project, a smartphone acts as a remote controller. Commands such as forward, backward, left, right, and stop are sent from a mobile app to the robot via Bluetooth. The microcontroller processes these commands and controls the motors using a motor driver.
Key Features :
- Wireless control using Bluetooth
- Mobile phone–based operation
- Simple and user-friendly interface
- Low cost and easy to implement
This project is ideal for beginners learning robotics and wireless communication.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Connection Description (Wiring Map)
Main Components
- Microcontroller: Arduino Uno / Nano / ESP32
- Bluetooth Module: HC-05 / HC-06
- Motor Driver: L298N / L293D
- DC Motors: For robot movement
- Chassis & Wheels
Power Supply: Battery (9V / 12V / Li-ion)
Wiring Summary :
Component | Arduino Pin | Connection Notes |
IR/Eye Sensor | A0 | Analog output for eye blink or drowsiness |
Buzzer | D8 | Digital output to activate buzzer |
Vibration Motor | D9 | Optional, can be driven via transistor |
GSM Module | D7 (TX), D6 (RX) | UART communication for sending SMS |
Power Supply | Vin & GND | 5V regulated DC |
Visual Wiring Map (Simplified) :
- Sensor connected to analog input pin on Arduino
- Buzzer/Vibration connected to digital output pins (with transistor if needed)
- GSM module connected via UART (TX/RX) to Arduino
- Power supply provides stable 5V to Arduino and GSM module
Testing the Hardware :
- Sensor Test: Monitor the analog values from the eye or IR sensor to ensure proper detection of eye closure or drowsiness.
- Buzzer Test: Trigger digital output to verify that the buzzer or vibration motor activates correctly.
- GSM Module Test: Send a test SMS using the Arduino code to ensure proper communication with the network.
Integration Test: Simulate driver fatigue by covering the eye sensor; the buzzer should activate and an SMS should be sent.
Applications :
- Prevents road accidents by detecting driver drowsiness in real time
- Sends SMS alerts to vehicle owners, fleet managers, or emergency contacts
- Used in long-distance buses, trucks, and transport vehicles
- Improves safety in night-time and highway driving
- Helpful for logistics and fleet monitoring systems
- Supports road safety programs and smart vehicle systems
Troubleshooting
Problem | Possible Cause | Solution |
Bluetooth not pairing | Wrong password or power issue | Check default password (1234/0000) |
Robot not moving | Motor driver wiring issue | Verify motor and driver connections |
Erratic movement | Weak battery | Recharge or replace battery |
Bluetooth disconnected | Out of range | Keep within 10 meters |
Motors rotate wrong direction | Polarity reversed | Swap motor wires |
( Driver fatigue is one of the leading causes of road accidents worldwide. The Driver Sleep Monitor is an intelligent system designed to detect signs of drowsiness or sleep in drivers and alert them immediately. Additionally, it can send an SMS alert to a pre-defined mobile number (such as a family member or fleet manager) when fatigue is detected. The system uses sensors to monitor the driver’s eye state or head movements, ensuring safety on the road. )